Rain Catcher - Amazon Top Interview Questions
Problem Statement :
You are given a list of non-negative integers nums where each element represents the height of a hill. Suppose it will rain and all the spaces between two sides get filled up. Return the amount of rain that would be caught between the hills. Constraints n ≤ 100,000 where n is the length of nums Example 1 Input nums = [2, 5, 2, 0, 5, 8, 8] Output 8 Explanation nums[2] can catch 3 rain drops, and nums[3] can catch 5 for a total of 8. Example 2 Input nums = [2, 1, 2] Output 1 Explanation We can hold 1 unit of water in middle. Example 3 Input nums = [3, 0, 1, 3, 0, 5] Output 8 Explanation We can hold 3 units in the first index, 2 in the second, and 3 in the fourth index (we cannot hold 5 since it would run off to the left), so we can catch 8 units of water.
Solution :
Solution in C++ :
int solve(vector<int>& nums) {
int n = nums.size();
if (n == 0) return 0;
int ans = 0;
vector<int> left(n, 0);
vector<int> right(n, 0);
left[0] = nums[0];
right[n - 1] = nums[n - 1];
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) left[i] = max(nums[i], left[i - 1]);
for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) right[i] = max(nums[i], right[i + 1]);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) ans += min(left[i], right[i]) - nums[i];
return ans;
}
Solution in Java :
class Solution {
public int solve(int[] nums) {
int n = nums.length;
if (n < 3) {
return 0;
}
int[] left = new int[n];
left[0] = nums[0];
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
left[i] = Math.max(nums[i], left[i - 1]);
}
int water = 0, right = nums[n - 1];
for (int i = n - 2; i > 0; i--) {
int side = Math.min(left[i - 1], right);
if (side > nums[i]) {
water += side - nums[i];
}
right = Math.max(nums[i], right);
}
return water;
}
}
Solution in Python :
class Solution:
def solve(self, nums):
left, right = [], []
for i in nums:
left.append(max(left[-1] if left else -1, i))
for i in reversed(nums):
right.append(max(right[-1] if right else -1, i))
return sum([min(left[i], right[-(i + 1)]) - nums[i] for i in range(len(nums))])
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