Misère Nim
Problem Statement :
Two people are playing game of Misère Nim. The basic rules for this game are as follows: The game starts with piles of stones indexed from to . Each pile (where ) has stones. The players move in alternating turns. During each move, the current player must remove one or more stones from a single pile. The player who removes the last stone loses the game. Given the value of and the number of stones in each pile, determine whether the person who wins the game is the first or second person to move. If the first player to move wins, print First on a new line; otherwise, print Second. Assume both players move optimally. There is no permutation of optimal moves where player 2 wins. For example, player 1 chooses the first pile. If player 2 chooses 1 from another pile, player 1 will choose the pile with 2 left. If player 2 chooses a pile of 2, player 1 chooses 1 from the remaining pile leaving the last stone for player 2. Return First. Function Description Complete the misereNim function in the editor below. misereNim has the following parameters: int s[n]: the number of stones in each pile Returns string: either First or Second Input Format The first line contains an integer, , the number of test cases. Each test case is described over two lines: An integer, , the number of piles. space-separated integers, , that describe the number of stones at pile .
Solution :
Solution in C :
In C :
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main() {
int num_tests = 0;
int number_of_piles = 0;
int *piles = NULL;
int idx, idx1;
int total = 0;
int pile_more_than_one_true = 0;
scanf("%d", &num_tests);
for (idx = 0; idx < num_tests; idx++) {
scanf("%d", &number_of_piles);
piles = malloc(number_of_piles*sizeof(int));
for (idx1 = 0; idx1 < number_of_piles; idx1++){
scanf("%d", &piles[idx1]);
if (piles[idx1] > 1)
pile_more_than_one_true = 1;
total ^= piles[idx1];
}
if (pile_more_than_one_true && total == 0)
printf("Second\n");
else if (!pile_more_than_one_true && total == 1)
printf("Second\n");
else
printf("First\n");
total = 0;
number_of_piles = 0;
free(piles);
pile_more_than_one_true = 0;
}
return 0;
}
Solution in C++ :
In C++ :
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
using namespace std;
int main()
{
long nTest,n;
scanf("%ld",&nTest);
while (nTest--)
{
long res=0,cnt=0,x;
scanf("%ld",&n);
for (long i=0; i<n; ++i)
{
scanf("%ld",&x);
if (x==1) ++cnt;
res^=x;
}
if (cnt==n) puts((cnt&1)?"Second":"First");
else puts((res>0)?"First":"Second");
}
}
Solution in Java :
In Java :
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class Solution {
//Day 2: Misere Nim
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int t = in.nextInt();
int[] s = new int[100];
int i,j,n, max;
int nimsum;
for(int tt =0;tt<t;tt++){
n = in.nextInt();
max = 0;
for(i = 0;i<n;i++){
s[i]=in.nextInt();
max = Math.max(s[i], max);
}
nimsum = s[0];
for(i = 1;i<n;i++){
nimsum^=s[i];
}
if (max==1 && nimsum == 1 || max>1 && nimsum==0) System.out.println("Second");
else System.out.println("First");
}
}
}
Solution in Python :
In Python3 :
test = int (input ())
for _ in range (test):
pile = int (input ())
ar = list (map (int, input (). strip (). split ()))
xor = 0
for n in ar:
xor = xor ^ n
if ar == [1] * len (ar):
if len (ar)% 2 == 0:
print ('First')
else:
print ('Second')
else:
if xor == 0:
print ('Second')
else:
print ('First')
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