Half Monotonous String - Google Top Interview Questions


Problem Statement :


You are given a lowercase alphabet string s of even length consisting of lowercase alphabet letters. 

Return the minimum number of characters that need to be updated such that one of the following three conditions is true for all 0 ≤ i < n/2 and n/2 ≤ j < n:

s[i] > s[j] or
s[i] < s[j] or
s[i] == s[j]
Constraints

0 ≤ n ≤ 100,000 where n is the length of s

Example 1

Input

s = "aa"

Output

0

Explanation

This string already meets the s[i] == s[j] condition



Example 2

Input

s = "aaabba"

Output

1

Explanation

If we change the last "a" to "b", then we can satisfy the s[i] < s[j] condition.



Example 3

Input

s = "bccbba"

Output

1

Explanation

If we change the first "b" to "c", then we can satisfy the s[i] > s[j] condition.



Solution :



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                        Solution in C++ :

int solve(string s) {
    int len = s.length(), maxCnt = 0;
    vector<int> cnt(26, 0);
    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        cnt[s[i] - 'a']++;
        maxCnt = max(maxCnt, cnt[s[i] - 'a']);
    }
    int res = len - maxCnt;
    for (char ch = 'b'; ch < 'z'; ch++) {
        int cnt1 = 0, cnt2 = 0, cnt3 = 0, cnt4 = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
            if (s[i] >= ch) {
                cnt1++;
            } else if (s[i] <= ch - 1) {
                cnt2++;
            }
        }
        for (int i = len / 2; i < len; i++) {
            if (s[i] >= ch) {
                cnt3++;
            }
            if (s[i] <= ch - 1) {
                cnt4++;
            }
        }
        res = min({res, cnt1 + cnt4, cnt2 + cnt3});
    }
    return res;
}
                    


                        Solution in Java :

import java.util.*;

class Solution {
    public int solve(String s) {
        int N = s.length();
        int[] A = new int[26];
        int[] B = new int[26];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            int c = s.charAt(i) - 'a';
            if (i < N / 2)
                A[c] += 1;
            else
                B[c] += 1;
        }
        int ans = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

        // fix all characters in A to be greater than i and all the characters in B to be less than
        // or equal to i.
        for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
            int fix = 0;
            for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++) fix += A[j];
            for (int j = i + 1; j < 26; j++) fix += B[j];
            ans = Math.min(ans, fix);
        }

        // fix all characters in A to be less than i and all the characters in B to be greater than
        // or equal to i.
        for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
            int fix = 0;
            for (int j = i; j < 26; j++) fix += A[j];
            for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) fix += B[j];
            ans = Math.min(ans, fix);
        }

        // fix all characters in A and B to equal i.
        for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
            int fix = N - (A[i] + B[i]);
            ans = Math.min(ans, fix);
        }

        return ans;
    }
}
                    


                        Solution in Python : 
                            
class Solution:
    def solve(self, s):
        n = len(s)
        left = Counter(s[: n >> 1])
        right = Counter(s[n >> 1 :])

        ans = n
        for pivot in ascii_lowercase:
            # All same
            ans = min(ans, n - left[pivot] - right[pivot])

            # left <= pivot < right
            good = sum(left[c] for c in left if c <= pivot)
            good += sum(right[c] for c in right if c > pivot)
            ans = min(ans, n - good)

            # right <= pivot < left
            good = sum(left[c] for c in left if c > pivot)
            good += sum(right[c] for c in right if c <= pivot)
            ans = min(ans, n - good)

        return ans
                    


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