Closest Numbers


Problem Statement :


Sorting is useful as the first step in many different tasks. The most common task is to make finding things easier, but there are other uses as well. In this case, it will make it easier to determine which pair or pairs of elements have the smallest absolute difference between them.


Note
As shown in the example, pairs may overlap.

Given a list of unsorted integers, arr , find the pair of elements that have the smallest absolute difference between them. If there are multiple pairs, find them all.

Function Description

Complete the closestNumbers function in the editor below.

closestNumbers has the following parameter(s):

int arr[n]: an array of integers
Returns
- int[]: an array of integers as described

Input Format

The first line contains a single integer n, the length of arr.
The second line contains n  space-separated integers, arr[i].



Solution :



title-img


                            Solution in C :

In  C++  :







#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;


int main() {
  
    int n;
    std::cin>>n;
    std::vector<int>x;
    int tmp;
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i<n; i++)
    {
        std::cin>>tmp;
        x.push_back(tmp);
        
    }
    std::sort(x.begin(),x.end());
                   
    int diff = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
    int currentDiff = 0;
    std::vector<int> start;
    std::vector<int> end;
    for(i = 0; i<n-1; i++)
    {
        currentDiff = x[i+1] - x[i];
        if(currentDiff<diff)
        {
            diff=currentDiff;
            while(!start.empty())
            {
                start.pop_back();
                end.pop_back();
            }
            start.push_back(x[i]);
            end.push_back(x[i+1]);
        }
        else if(currentDiff==diff)
        {
            start.push_back(x[i]);
            end.push_back(x[i+1]);
                
        }
        
        
    }
    
    for(i = 0; i<start.size(); i++)
    {
        std::cout<<start[i]<<" "<<end[i]<<" ";
    }
    return 0;
}









In   Java :






import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.util.regex.*;

public class Solution {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        int n = in.nextInt();
        int[] dat = new int[n];
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            dat[i] = in.nextInt();
        }
        Arrays.sort(dat);
        int minDiff = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        String out = "";
        for(int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
            if(dat[i + 1] - dat[i] <= minDiff) {
                if(dat[i + 1] - dat[i] == minDiff) {
                    out += " " + dat[i] + " " + dat[i + 1];
                } else {
                    out = dat[i] + " " + dat[i + 1];
                }
                minDiff = dat[i + 1] - dat[i];
            }
        }
        System.out.println(out);
    }
}







In   C  :







#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define ll long long int

int compare(const void *a,const void *b)
{
  return (*(ll*)a-*(ll*)b);
}


int main() 
{
    ll n,i,a[200005],min;
    scanf("%lld",&n);
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        scanf("%lld",&a[i]);
    }
    qsort(a,n,sizeof(ll),compare);
    min=10000000;
    for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
    {
        if((a[i+1]-a[i])<min)
        {
            min=a[i+1]-a[i];
        }
    }
    for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
    {
        if((a[i+1]-a[i])==min)
        {
            printf("%lld %lld ",a[i],a[i+1]);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}









In   Python3 :







def main():
    N = int(input())
    ar = sorted(list(map(int, str(input()).split())))
    prs = ''
    mini = pow(10, 7) + 1
    for i in range(1, N):
        diff = abs(ar[i-1] - ar[i])
        if (diff <= mini):
            if (diff < mini):
                prs = ''
            mini = diff
            prs += str(ar[i-1]) + ' ' + str(ar[i]) + ' '
    print (prs)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
                        








View More Similar Problems

Delete duplicate-value nodes from a sorted linked list

This challenge is part of a tutorial track by MyCodeSchool You are given the pointer to the head node of a sorted linked list, where the data in the nodes is in ascending order. Delete nodes and return a sorted list with each distinct value in the original list. The given head pointer may be null indicating that the list is empty. Example head refers to the first node in the list 1 -> 2 -

View Solution →

Cycle Detection

A linked list is said to contain a cycle if any node is visited more than once while traversing the list. Given a pointer to the head of a linked list, determine if it contains a cycle. If it does, return 1. Otherwise, return 0. Example head refers 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> NUL The numbers shown are the node numbers, not their data values. There is no cycle in this list so return 0. head refer

View Solution →

Find Merge Point of Two Lists

This challenge is part of a tutorial track by MyCodeSchool Given pointers to the head nodes of 2 linked lists that merge together at some point, find the node where the two lists merge. The merge point is where both lists point to the same node, i.e. they reference the same memory location. It is guaranteed that the two head nodes will be different, and neither will be NULL. If the lists share

View Solution →

Inserting a Node Into a Sorted Doubly Linked List

Given a reference to the head of a doubly-linked list and an integer ,data , create a new DoublyLinkedListNode object having data value data and insert it at the proper location to maintain the sort. Example head refers to the list 1 <-> 2 <-> 4 - > NULL. data = 3 Return a reference to the new list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 4 - > NULL , Function Description Complete the sortedInsert function

View Solution →

Reverse a doubly linked list

This challenge is part of a tutorial track by MyCodeSchool Given the pointer to the head node of a doubly linked list, reverse the order of the nodes in place. That is, change the next and prev pointers of the nodes so that the direction of the list is reversed. Return a reference to the head node of the reversed list. Note: The head node might be NULL to indicate that the list is empty.

View Solution →

Tree: Preorder Traversal

Complete the preorder function in the editor below, which has 1 parameter: a pointer to the root of a binary tree. It must print the values in the tree's preorder traversal as a single line of space-separated values. Input Format Our test code passes the root node of a binary tree to the preOrder function. Constraints 1 <= Nodes in the tree <= 500 Output Format Print the tree's

View Solution →