Mixing proteins
Problem Statement :
Some scientists are working on protein recombination, and during their research, they have found a remarkable fact: there are 4 proteins in the protein ring that mutate after every second according to a fixed pattern. For simplicity, proteins are called (you know, protein names can be very complicated). A protein mutates into another one depending on itself and the protein right after it. Scientists determined that the mutation table goes like this: Here rows denote the protein at current position, while columns denote the protein at the next position. And the corresponding value in the table denotes the new protein that will emerge. So for example, if protein i is A, and protein i + 1 is B, protein i will change to B. All mutations take place simultaneously. The protein ring is seen as a circular list, so last protein of the list mutates depending on the first protein. Using this data, they have written a small simulation software to get mutations second by second. The problem is that the protein rings can be very long (up to 1 million proteins in a single ring) and they want to know the state of the ring after upto seconds. Thus their software takes too long to report the results. They ask you for your help. Input Format Input contains 2 lines. First line has 2 integers and , being the length of the protein ring and the desired number of seconds. Second line contains a string of length containing uppercase letters ,, or only, describing the ring. Output Format Output a single line with a string of length , describing the state of the ring after seconds.
Solution :
Solution in C :
In C :
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main() {
int i, j, n, k, c, *prot, *protnew, p2;
scanf("%d %d",&n,&k);
prot = malloc(n * sizeof(int));
protnew = malloc(n * sizeof(int));
for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
while (c=getchar()-'A') if (c>=0 && c<=3) break;
prot[i] = c;
}
p2 = 1;
while (p2<k) p2 <<= 1;
while (p2 >>= 1) {
if (p2 & k) {
for (i=0; i<n; i++) protnew[i] = prot[i] ^ prot[(i+p2) % n];
for (i=0; i<n; i++) prot[i] = protnew[i];
}
}
for (i=0; i<n; i++) putchar('A' + prot[i]);
putchar('\n');
return 0;
}
Solution in C++ :
In C++ :
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
#define NMAX 1111111
char ch;
int A[2][NMAX];
int N, K, i, b, p, c, step;
int main() {
// freopen("x.txt", "r", stdin);
scanf("%d %d", &N, &K);
for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
scanf(" %c", &ch);
A[0][i] = ch - 'A';
}
for (c = 0, b = 30; b >= 0; b--)
if (K & (1 << b)) {
p = c;
c = 1 - c;
step = (1 << b) % N;
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
A[c][i] = A[p][i] ^ A[p][(i + step) % N];
}
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
printf("%c", A[c][i] + 'A');
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
Solution in Java :
In Java :
import java.io.*;
public class Solution {
public static void solve(Input in, PrintWriter out) throws IOException {
int n = in.nextInt(), k = in.nextInt();
int[] a = new int[n];
char[] c = in.next().toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
a[i] = c[i] - 'A';
}
for (int i = 1; i <= k; i *= 2) {
if ((k & i) != 0) {
int[] b = new int[n];
for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
b[j] = a[j] ^ a[(j + i) % n];
}
a = b;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
c[i] = (char) (a[i] + 'A');
}
out.println(c);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
solve(new Input(new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in))), out);
out.close();
}
static class Input {
BufferedReader in;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
public Input(BufferedReader in) {
this.in = in;
}
public Input(String s) {
this.in = new BufferedReader(new StringReader(s));
}
public String next() throws IOException {
sb.setLength(0);
while (true) {
int c = in.read();
if (c == -1) {
return null;
}
if (" \n\r\t".indexOf(c) == -1) {
sb.append((char)c);
break;
}
}
while (true) {
int c = in.read();
if (c == -1 || " \n\r\t".indexOf(c) != -1) {
break;
}
sb.append((char)c);
}
return sb.toString();
}
public int nextInt() throws IOException {
return Integer.parseInt(next());
}
public long nextLong() throws IOException {
return Long.parseLong(next());
}
public double nextDouble() throws IOException {
return Double.parseDouble(next());
}
}
}
Solution in Python :
In Python3 :
# A = 0 (0b00)
# B = 1 (0b01)
# C = 2 (0b10)
# D = 3 (0b11)
# a[x + 2^m, i] = a[x, i] ^ a[x, i + 2^m]
import sys
c2i = {'A': 0, 'B': 1, 'C': 2, 'D': 3}
i2c = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
n, k = [int(x) for x in input().strip().split()]
s = [c2i[x] for x in input().strip()]
s = [s, [0] * len(s)]
a, b = 1, 0
while k > 0:
# swap
a ^= b
b ^= a
a ^= b
# closest power of 2
cp2 = 1
for i in range(29, 0, -1):
if k - (1 << i) >= 0:
cp2 = 1 << i
break
k -= cp2
for i in range(n):
s[b][i] = s[a][i] ^ s[a][(i + cp2) % n]
for i in s[b]:
sys.stdout.write(i2c[i])
sys.stdout.flush()
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