Integer to Roman Numeral - Amazon Top Interview Questions


Problem Statement :


Given an integer n, return its corresponding Roman numeral.

Roman numerals contain the symbols representing values in the following list:

"I" = 1
"V" = 5
"X" = 10
"L" = 50
"C" = 100
"D" = 500
"M" = 1000

Symbols are typically written largest to smallest, from left to right, and can be computed by summing the values of all the symbols. However, in some cases, when a symbol of lower value is to the left of a symbol of higher value, then the lower value is subtracted from the higher one.

There are 6 cases where this is possible:

When "I" is before "V", we get 4.
When "I" is before "X", we get 9.
When "X" is before "L", we get 40.
When "X" is before "C", we get 90.
When "C" is before "D", we get 400.
When "C" is before "M", we get 900.

Roman numerals must also follow these rules:

No symbol is repeated more than 3 times.

The symbols "V", "L", and "D" are not repeated.

Constraints

1 ≤ n ≤ 3000

Example 1

Input

n = 12

Output

"XII"

Explanation

"XII" = 10 + 1 + 1 = 12

Example 2

Input

n = 14

Output

"XIV"

Explanation

"XIV" = 10 + 4 = 14


Solution :



title-img 




                        Solution in C++ :

string solve(int num) {
    string thousands[] = {"", "M", "MM", "MMM"};  // as num is lesser than 3000
    string hundreds[] = {"", "C", "CC", "CCC", "CD", "D", "DC", "DCC", "DCCC", "CM"};
    string tens[] = {"", "X", "XX", "XXX", "XL", "L", "LX", "LXX", "LXXX", "XC"};
    string ones[] = {"", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX"};

    string str = thousands[num / 1000] + hundreds[(num % 1000) / 100] + tens[(num % 100) / 10] +
                 ones[num % 10];
    return str;
}
                    




                        Solution in Python : 
                            
class Solution:
    def solve(self, n):
        res = ""
        table = [
            (1000, "M"),
            (900, "CM"),
            (500, "D"),
            (400, "CD"),
            (100, "C"),
            (90, "XC"),
            (50, "L"),
            (40, "XL"),
            (10, "X"),
            (9, "IX"),
            (5, "V"),
            (4, "IV"),
            (1, "I"),
        ]
        for cap, roman in table:
            d, m = divmod(n, cap)
            res += roman * d
            n = m

        return res


View More Similar Problems

Queries with Fixed Length

Consider an -integer sequence, . We perform a query on by using an integer, , to calculate the result of the following expression: In other words, if we let , then you need to calculate . Given and queries, return a list of answers to each query. Example The first query uses all of the subarrays of length : . The maxima of the subarrays are . The minimum of these is . The secon

View Solution →

QHEAP1

This question is designed to help you get a better understanding of basic heap operations. You will be given queries of types: " 1 v " - Add an element to the heap. " 2 v " - Delete the element from the heap. "3" - Print the minimum of all the elements in the heap. NOTE: It is guaranteed that the element to be deleted will be there in the heap. Also, at any instant, only distinct element

View Solution →

Jesse and Cookies

Jesse loves cookies. He wants the sweetness of all his cookies to be greater than value K. To do this, Jesse repeatedly mixes two cookies with the least sweetness. He creates a special combined cookie with: sweetness Least sweet cookie 2nd least sweet cookie). He repeats this procedure until all the cookies in his collection have a sweetness > = K. You are given Jesse's cookies. Print t

View Solution →

Find the Running Median

The median of a set of integers is the midpoint value of the data set for which an equal number of integers are less than and greater than the value. To find the median, you must first sort your set of integers in non-decreasing order, then: If your set contains an odd number of elements, the median is the middle element of the sorted sample. In the sorted set { 1, 2, 3 } , 2 is the median.

View Solution →

Minimum Average Waiting Time

Tieu owns a pizza restaurant and he manages it in his own way. While in a normal restaurant, a customer is served by following the first-come, first-served rule, Tieu simply minimizes the average waiting time of his customers. So he gets to decide who is served first, regardless of how sooner or later a person comes. Different kinds of pizzas take different amounts of time to cook. Also, once h

View Solution →

Merging Communities

People connect with each other in a social network. A connection between Person I and Person J is represented as . When two persons belonging to different communities connect, the net effect is the merger of both communities which I and J belongs to. At the beginning, there are N people representing N communities. Suppose person 1 and 2 connected and later 2 and 3 connected, then ,1 , 2 and 3 w

View Solution →