Find Peak Element


Problem Statement :


A peak element is an element that is strictly greater than its neighbors.

Given a 0-indexed integer array nums, find a peak element, and return its index. If the array contains multiple peaks, return the index to any of the peaks.

You may imagine that nums[-1] = nums[n] = -∞. In other words, an element is always considered to be strictly greater than a neighbor that is outside the array.

You must write an algorithm that runs in O(log n) time.

 

Example 1:

Input: nums = [1,2,3,1]
Output: 2
Explanation: 3 is a peak element and your function should return the index number 2.
Example 2:

Input: nums = [1,2,1,3,5,6,4]
Output: 5
Explanation: Your function can return either index number 1 where the peak element is 2, or index number 5 where the peak element is 6.
 

Constraints:

1 <= nums.length <= 1000
-231 <= nums[i] <= 231 - 1
nums[i] != nums[i + 1] for all valid i.



Solution :



title-img


                            Solution in C :

int findPeakElement(int* nums, int numsSize){ 
    
    int left = 0; 
    int right = numsSize - 1;
    int mid;
    
    if(numsSize == 1)
        return 0;
    
    if(numsSize == 2){
        if(nums[0] > nums[1])
            return 0;
        else
            return 1;
    }
    
    while(left < right){
        mid = (left + right)/2;
        if(mid == 0)
            break;
        if(nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1] && nums[mid] > nums[mid - 1])
            return mid;
        else if(nums[mid] > nums[mid -1])
            left = mid + 1;
        else
            right = mid - 1; 
    }
    
    if(right < (numsSize - 1) && right > 0){
        if(nums[right] > nums[right + 1] && nums[right] > nums[right - 1])
            return right;
    }
    else if(left > 0 && left < (numsSize -1) ){
        if(nums[left] > nums[left + 1] && nums[left] > nums[left - 1])
            return left;
    }
    else if(left == 0)
        return left;
    else
        return right;
    
    return 0;

}
                        


                        Solution in C++ :

class Solution {
public:
    int findPeakElement(vector<int>& nums) {
        int start=0,end=nums.size()-1;
        while(start<end){
            int mid=(start+end)/2;
            if(mid==0){
                return nums[0] >= nums[1] ? 0 : 1;
            }
            if (mid == end){
                return nums[end - 1] >= nums[end - 2] ? end - 1 : end - 2;
            }

            if(nums[mid]>nums[mid+1] && nums[mid]>nums[mid-1]){
                return mid;
            }
            if(nums[mid]<nums[mid-1]){
                end=mid-1;
            }
            else{
                start=mid+1;
            }
        }
        return start;
    }
};
                    


                        Solution in Java :

class Solution {
    public int findPeakElement(int[] nums) {
        int start = 0, end = nums.length - 1;
        while (start < end) {
            int mid = (start + end) / 2;
            if (mid == 0) {
                return nums[0] >= nums[1] ? 0 : 1;
            }
            if (mid == end) {
                return nums[end - 1] >= nums[end - 2] ? end - 1 : end - 2;
            }

            if (nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1] && nums[mid] > nums[mid - 1]) {
                return mid;
            }
            if (nums[mid] < nums[mid - 1]) {
                end = mid - 1;
            } else {
                start = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return start;
    }
}
                    


                        Solution in Python : 
                            
class Solution(object):
    def findPeakElement(self, nums):
        start = 0
        end = len(nums) - 1
        while start < end:
            mid = (start + end) // 2
            if mid == 0:
                return 0 if nums[0] >= nums[1] else 1
            if mid == end:
                return end - 1 if nums[end - 1] >= nums[end - 2] else end - 2

            if nums[mid] > nums[mid + 1] and nums[mid] > nums[mid - 1]:
                return mid
            if nums[mid] < nums[mid - 1]:
                end = mid - 1
            else:
                start = mid + 1
        return start
                    


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