Bulk Shift Letters - Microsoft Top Interview Questions


Problem Statement :


You are given a lowercase alphabet string s and a list of integers shifts. 

Each element shifts[i] means to shift the first i + 1 letters of s by shifts[i] positions. 

Shifting a letter should wrap over "z" to "a". For example, shifting “z” by 2 results in “b”.

Return the resulting string after applying shifts to s.

Constraints

1 ≤ n ≤ 100,000 where n is the length of s and shifts

Example 1

Input

s = "afz"


shifts = [1, 2, 1]

Output

"eia"
Explanation

We shift the first 1 letter by 1 position to get: "bfz"

We shift the first 2 letters by 2 position to get: "dhz"

We shift the first 3 letters by 1 position to get: "eia"


Solution :



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                        Solution in C++ :

string solve(string s, vector<int>& shifts) {
    int d = 0;
    for (int i = s.size(); i-- > 0;) {
        (d += shifts[i]) %= 26;
        if (d) s[i] = (s[i] - 'a' + d) % 26 + 'a';
    }
    return s;
}
                    


                        Solution in Java :

import java.util.*;

class Solution {
    public String solve(String s, int[] shifts) {
        for (int i = shifts.length - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
            shifts[i] += shifts[i + 1];
            shifts[i] %= 26;
        }
        StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
            ret.append(convert(s.charAt(i), shifts[i]));
        }
        return ret.toString();
    }
    //'a' = 97
    //'z' = 122
    public char convert(char c, int shift) {
        int ret = (int) (c) + shift;
        if (ret > 122) {
            while (ret > 122) {
                ret -= 26;
            }
        }
        return (char) (ret);
    }
}
                    


                        Solution in Python : 
                            
class Solution:
    def solve(self, s, shifts):
        ns = ""
        sum1 = []
        count = 0
        i = len(shifts) - 1
        while i >= 0:
            count += shifts[i]
            sum1.append(count)
            i -= 1
        sum2 = sum1[::-1]
        for i in range(len(shifts)):
            ns = ns + chr(((ord(s[i]) + sum2[i] - ord("a")) % 26) + ord("a"))
        return ns


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